Dimethyl sulfoxide in cryopreservation: an overview

Abstract :

Cryopreservation is a process that preserves intact living cells, tissues, or any other biological constructs by cooling and storing the samples to very low temperatures in order to maintain their viability and to save them for future use. At very low temperatures, enzymatic and chemical activities that may cause harm to the biological material are effectively stopped. Cryopreservation methods look to reach very low temperatures without causing further harm caused by the creation of ice crystals during freezing. Cryopreservation of human samples for storage including a variety of diseases such as cancer, genetic and degenerative disorders and bio-banking. This review aims to describe and highlight dimethyl sulfoxide in cryopreservation. Dimethyl sulfoxide is a non-toxic solvent and is one of the most commonly used pharmaceutical agents with a varied range of pharmacological actions including membrane penetration, anti-inflammatory effects and local analgesia as well as weak bacteriostatic. The main use of dimethyl sulfoxide is a vehicle for some drugs to enhance the action of the drug and help penetration of other drugs into the skin. However, dimethyl sulfoxide has been the cryopreservative agent of choice in situations due to its exceptional performance in mitigating freezing-related damages. It is frequently used in cell banking applications as a cryoprotectant. When added to media, it prevents intracellular and extracellular crystals from forming in cells during the freezing process. There has been a concern over the toxicity of dimethyl sulfoxide and its potential side effects in different high concentrations after administration to patients. Therefore, there has been a growing demand for robust dimethyl sulfoxide for cryopreservation methods that can improve safety and maintain potency and efficacy.

References

1. Matthews WS, Bares JE, Bartmess JE, Bordwell FG, Cornforth FJ, Drucker GE, Margolin Z, McCallum RJ, McCollum GJ, Vanier NR (1975) Equilibrium acidities of carbon acids. VI. Establishment of an absolute scale of acidities in dimethyl sulfoxide solution. Journal of American Chemical Society. 97 (24): 7006-7014. doi: 10.1021/ja00857a010
2. Thomas R, Shoemaker CB, Eriks K (1966) The molecular and crystal structure of dimethyl sulfoxide, (H3C)2SO. Acta Crystallographica. 21: 12-20. doi: 10.1107/S0365110X66002263
3. Mitrus I, Smagur A, Fidyk W, Czech M, Prokop M, Chwieduk A, Glowala-Kosinska M, Czerw T, Sobczyk-Kruszel-nicka M, Mendrek W, Michalak K, Sadus-Wojciechowska M, Najda J, Holowiecki J, Giebel S (2017) Reduction of DMSO concentration in cryopreservation mixture from 10.0% to 7.5% and 5.0% has no impact on engraftment after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: results of a prospective, randomized study. Bone Marrow Transplantation. 53 (3): 274-280. doi: 10.1038/s41409-017-0056-6
4. Johnson L, Reade MC, Hyland RA, Tan S, Marks DC (2015) In vitro comparison of cryopreserved and liquid platelets: potential clinical implications. Transfusion. 55 (4): 838-847. doi: 10.1111/trf.12915
5. Uzman A (2006) Molecular biology of the cell, 4th Ed. A problems approach. Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Keith Roberts K, Walter P. Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education. 31 (4): 212-214. doi. 10.1002/bmb.2003.494031049999
6. Guidelines for PCR optimization with phusion high-fidelity DNA polymerase (2022) Protocol. New England BioLabs Inc. Access in May 15, 2022. https://international.neb.com/protocols /2012/06/01/guidelines-for-pcr-optimization-with-phusion-high-fidelity-dna-polymerase.
7. Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO (2012) Basic principles of cryopreservation. In: Cryoconservation of animal genetic resources. 85-94. FAO, Animal Production and Health Guidelines No. 12. Rome. ISBN: 9789251073063.
8. Morris C, de Wreede L, Scholten M, Brand R, van Biezen A, Sureda A, Dickmeiss E, Trneny M, Apperley J, Chiusolo P, van Imhoff GW, Lenhoff S, Martinelli G, Hentrich M, Pabst T, Onida F, Quinn M, Kroger N, de Witte T, Ruutu T (2014) Should the standard dimethyl sulfoxide concentration be reduced? Results of a European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation prospective noninterventional study on usage and side effects of dimethyl sulfoxide. Transfusion. 54 (10): 2514-2522. doi: 10.1111/trf.12759
9. Cai WJ, Huang JH, Zhang SQ, Wu B, Kapahi P, Zhang XM, Shen ZY (2011) Icariin and its derivative icariside II extend health span via insulin/IGF-1 pathway in C. elegans. PLoS One. 6 (12): e28835. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone. 0028835
10. Rastogi RP, Sinha RP (2009) Apoptosis: Molecular mechanisms and pathogenicity. EXCLI Journal. 8: 155-181. doi: Nil.
11. Lübbert M, Kyereme J, Schöbel N, Leopoldo B, Wetzel CH, Hatt H (2013) Transient receptor potential channels encode volatile chemicals sensed by rat trigeminal ganglion neurons. PLoS ONE. 8 (10): e77998. doi: 10.1371/ journal.pone.0077998
12. Gurtovenko AA, Anwar J (2007) Modulating the structure and properties of cell membranes: the molecular mechanism of action of dimethyl sulfoxide. The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 111 (35): 10453-10460. doi: 10.1021/jp073113e
13. Calligaris M (2004) Structure and bonding in metal sulfoxide complexes: An update. Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 248 (3-4): 351-375. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2004.02.005
14. ATCC® Animal Cell Culture Guide: Tips and techniques for continuous cell lines (2015). Available at: http://www.lgcstandards-atcc.org/Guides/Guides.aspx?geo_country=pt.
15. Pegg DE (2007) Principles of cryopreservation. Edited: Day JG, Stacey GN. Cryopreservation and freeze-drying protocols, second edition. Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press. Totowa, New Jersey, USA. 368: 39-57. ISBN: 1-58829-377-7.
16. Sawai M1, Takase K, Teraoka H, Tsukada K (1990) Reversible G1 arrest in the cell cycle of human lymphoid cell lines by dimethyl sulfoxide. Experimental Cell Research. 187 (1): 4-10. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(90)90108-m
17. Gaylord Chemical Company, LLC, Material Safety Data Sheet. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) SDS Revision Date: By: 01/06/2016 Charles G. Ashe OSHA HCS 29 CFR 1910.1200.
18. Eray A, Erkek-Özhan S (2021) Classification of bladder cancer cell lines according to regulon activity. Turkish Journal of Biology. 45 (6): 656-666. doi: 10.3906/biy-2107-72
19. Hanslick JL, Lau K, Noguchi KK, Olney JW, Zorumski CF, Mennerick S, Farber NB (2009) Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) produces widespread apoptosis in the developing central nervous system. Neurobiology of Disease. 34 (1): 1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2008
20. Hanslick JL, Lau K, Noguchi KK, Olney JW, Zorumski CF, Mennerick S, Farber NB (2009) Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) produces widespread apoptosis in the developing central nervous system. Neurobiology of Disease. 34 (1): 1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2008.11.006

Citation :

Elqomati HI (2022) Dimethyl sulfoxide in cryopreservation: An overview. Mediterr J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2 (2): 10-17. [Article number: 63]. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780449