Effect of Beetroot juice supplementation on the physical and biochemical profiles of induced metabolic syndrome in rat

Abstract :

Beetroot is vegetable containing phytochemical ingredients with potent antioxidant, hypoglycaemic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is key drivers in the pathophysiology of some metabolic syndromes. Its effect on the progress of induced metabolic syndrome has, however, hardly been investigated. Thus, this study aims to determine the effect of beetroot extract on various biophysical components of metabolic syndrome in rat. Following ethical approval, 50 Wister albino rats were used in this study and divided into three groups: Group A: rats were put on a high-fat-high-fructose (HFHF) diet; Group B: rats were put on an HFHF + fresh beetroot extract while group C: rats were the control group and were given a normal diet. The animals’ body weights and fasting blood sugar were taken fortnightly. Five rats from each group were then sacrificed at weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16 and the following parameters were measured: liver volume, fasting lipid profile, hepatic transaminases and blood platelet level. Compared to the HFHF group, beetroot supplementation resulted in a significant attenuation of overall weight gain (56.91% vs. 34.51%; p < 0.001) and absolute liver volume (p < 0.01) but minimal effect on the body-mass normalized liver volume. Over time, the HFHF+B group similarly had a significantly lower time-dependent elevation in fasting blood suger (p < 0.001) and considerably lower triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, high density lipoproteins, cholesterol, liver enzyme levels (AST and ALT) (p > 0.05). Beetroot supplementation further ameliorated the thrombocytopenia caused by an HFHF. Beetroot juice supplementation attenuated the attendant effects of induced metabolic syndrome which might contribute towards averting the consequential cardiovascular sequel. Thus, lifestyle modification comprising beetroot intake as a dietary supplementation may alleviate metabolic syndrome and may offer a potential non-medical adjunct in the routine management of metabolic syndrome.

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Citation :

Munguti et al. (2023) Effects of Beetroot juice supplementation on the physical and biochemical profiles of induced metabolic syndrome in rat. Mediterr J Pharm Pharm Sci. 3 (3): 31-42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8329687